Linfopenia como predictor de severidad en pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2

• Alejandra Yolimar Zavala Yamarte Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Servicio de Hematología. Mérida-Mérida. Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9305-8284
• Nallath Cecilia Donoso Martel Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Servicio de Hematología. Mérida-Mérida. Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-5100
• Alexandra Betzabeth Franco Yamarte Centro Clínico Docente La Trinidad. Caracas-Distrito Federal. Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7436-4585
• Mike Contreras Universidade Federal de Goiás. Campus Colemar Natal e Silva. Goiânia-Goiás. Brasil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9899-5306
• Yenddy Carrero Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Medicina. Ambato-Tungurahua. Ecuador https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4050-4468
• Yohana Francis Villaparedes-Moreno Hospital Universitario Dr. Victorino Santaella Ruiz. Servicio de Hematología. Los Teques-Miranda. Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-455X
• Rolfi Rafael Balza Novoa Instituto Autónomo Hospital Universitario de Los Andes. Servicio de Hematología. Mérida-Mérida. Venezuela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-7220

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56903/kasmera.5137774

Palabras clave: COVID-19, hematología, linfocitos, pronóstico, alta del paciente

Resumen

Se ha documentado que la linfopenia es un marcador de gravedad y complicaciones en el paciente COVID-19. El objetivo fue determinar la linfopenia como parámetro de severidad en pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2, mediante un estudio observacional, analítico correlacional caso-control, en el cual se revisaron 140 historias clínicas. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas de ingreso, de hospitalización, valores del hemograma y biomarcadores séricos. Las asociaciones estadísticas se estimaron mediante las pruebas Chi² y t de student, además de ANOVA, R de Pearson y curvas de las características operativas del receptor (COR), considerando significativos valores de p<0,05. El género más frecuente fue el masculino. El grupo etario más afectado fue de 61-75 años. Las formas clínicas más sobresalientes fueron moderada y severa. Hubo diferencias entre las comorbilidades y días de hospitalización. Cuando se analizó la correlación del valor relativo de los linfocitos, no se encontraron fuerzas de asociación con las variables, solo con la forma de presentación clínica (r2: -,290) y el resultado final de la enfermedad, el valor de los linfocitos mostró mejor rendimiento para predicción del desenlace de la enfermedad. Se sugiere utilizar el valor relativo de linfocitos durante el manejo terapéutico paciente COVID-19

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