Efecto del ensilado biológico de cabeza de Litopenaeus vannamei en la composición microbiana intestinal y la salud de gallinas ponedoras
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la composición microbiana asociada con la salud intestinal de gallinas ponedoras, suplementadas con ensilaje biológico. Durante un período de 4 semanas, se alimentó a gallinas de 30 semanas de edad con una dieta base que contenía 16% de proteína (T0), en comparación con otra dieta suplementada con un 18% de ensilado biológico de cabeza de langostino Litopenaeus vannamei (BS), con un contenido proteico de 16,76% (T3E). Las muestras para el análisis metagenómico se obtuvieron del contenido del yeyuno de las aves utilizando el kit E.Z.N.A.® Soil DNA (Omega Bio-Tek Inc., USA). Se observó un aumento significativo de bacterias benéficas de las clases Bacteroidia y Bacilli; de las familias Bacteroidaceae y Lactobacillaceae y de los géneros Bacteroides y Lactobacillus, Se observó también una disminución de bacterias perjudiciales de la clase Erysipelotrichia, de la familia Helicobacteraceae y del género Holdemania, muchas de las cuales juegan un papel clave en la salud intestinal. El uso de la dieta con BS promovió un incremento de microorganismos beneficiosos y una reducción de aquellos perjudiciales, lo que sugiere una modificación favorable en la composición de la flora bacteriana, vinculada a la mejora de la salud intestinal por lo que el BS puede ser considerado un suplemento funcional.
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